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> issue 19 > Last updated: 22 December 2003 |
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PV, solar water heaters, a ground-source heat pump and sensible passive solar design have been combined to create an energy neutral house in Dintikon, Switzerland.
Over the course of the year, the 6,3 kW grid-connected PV installation is expected to generate 5700 kWh of electricity, sufficient for the entire household’s electrical needs, including heat pump, lighting, ventilation and even cooking. To achieve this, the building design uses the principles defined by the Passive House Institute in Darmstadt, Germany to conform to the new Swiss‘ Minergie-P ’ building standards. Notably this includes a compact building shell, high levels of insulation, minimal winter shading, windows oriented and sized to maximize winter daytime solar gains and minimize heat losses, and heat recovery on the ventilation system. This holistic design keeps the annual heating load for space and water to just 26,5 kWh/m². 4,5 m² of thermal collectors provide 2000 kWh/a for water heating, topped up by the heat pump in winter. Overall the heat pump and ventilation system require less than 2 000 kWh/a to maintain comfortable living conditions, allowing the balance of the PV system's output to meet the needs of the other household appliances.
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