Author(s):	This International Technical Report has been prepared under the supervision of IEA  PVPS Task 3 by Xavier Vallvé, Gerard Gafas from Spain, Michel Villoz from Switzerland, Alison Wilshaw from UK and Philippe Jacquin from France, in co-operation with experts from the following countries: Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Norway, Portugal, Sweden.
Organization:	-
Date of issue:	September 2002
Type:	Report IEA  PVPS Task 3
Reference:	IEA  PVPS T3-09:2002
Details:	15 p.: figures, graphs; with references and appendix with field experiences
Download:	Open or download this report as PDF file (535 KB)
Available from:	Task 3 members
Abstract:	In Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems (SAPV systems), special attention must be paid to the used appliances and loads. Inappropriate loads are very often the origin of PV system malfunction or failure. Start-up power peaks, or reactive power and harmonic distortion can cause system signal instability and protective devices will close the system down. A well-matched load together with a carefully selected choice of appliances can lead to significant savings in terms of reduced need for PV and electricity storage capacity. Conversely, inefficient appliances and processes, standby loads and inappropriate loads will increase the requirement for expensive PV and storage capacity. This report presents a survey of real cases with load related problems in worldwide applications, their effect on quality and cost of the service and the solutions that were adopted and suggested alternative solutions. One of the main conclusions of the work is the importance to integrate the choice of the appliance while designing the SAPV system.

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